გაიხსნა პარიზის საოპერო სეზონი ("იტალიელი ქალი ალჟირში" პარიზის გრანდ ოპერის სცენაზე) /'L'Italiana in Algeri' on the stage of Garnier Paris Opera

msoflios erT-erTi yvelaze didi saopero Senoba parizis ‘grand opera’ (Paris Grand Opéra) iyo agebuli napoleon III-s brZanebiT parizis didi renovaciis gegmis Tanaxmad, romelsac baroni hausmani xelmZRvanelobda. 1861 wels operis SenobisTvis gamocxadebul konkursSi gaimarjva arqiteqtor Carlz garnies proeqtma, romelic xasiaTdeboda pompezurobiTa da im didebulebiT, rac meore imperiisTvis (Second Empire) iyo damaxasiaTebeli. Tumca, misi mSenebloba didi xniT gagrZelda da mxolod 1875 wlis ianvars gaixsna. aseTi dagvianeba bevrma faqtorma ganapiroba, maT Soris rogorc franko-pruseTis omma da parizis komunam, aseve wylis didi raodenobiT aRmoCenam gruntis qveS. yvelaferma aman xeli Seuwyo gaston lerus misi gaxmaurebuli wignis ‘operis molandeba’ daweras da gamoqveynebas, sadac realur prototipad parizis ‘grand opera’ moiazreboda. arqiteqturuli sidide da pompezuroba bunebrivad Seerwya ara mxolod Teatris musikalur cxovrebas, aramed intrigebsa da Worebs, romlebsac sasurveli niadagi Seeqmna ‘grand operaSi’. veeberTela kolonebiani darbazebi da auarebeli oTaxebi moiTxovda msaxiobebisTvis saWiro momsaxure personalis did Stats. operis istoria moicavs mraval inovaciebs warmodgenebis mxatvrul gaformebaSi: magaliTad, gazis Suqi scenaze da Suqis efeqtebisaTvis eleqtrobis gamoyeneba. damdgmelebi cdilobdnen siuJeturi xazis realisturad asaxvas, magaliTad, vezuvis amofrqvevas da a.S.. tradiciuli iyo agreTve mesame aqtis win didi sabaleto scenebi, raTa zogierT aristokrats TeatrSi dagvianebiT mosvlis Semdegac miscemoda saSualeba damtkbariyo baletSi monawile axalgazrda balerinebis mzeriT. cxadia es yvelaferi garkveul gavlenas axdenda musikazedac. amitomac ‘grand operisTvis’ gansakuTrebuli dadgmebi iqmneboda – grandiozuli da pompezuri, raSidac didi potenciali gamoavlines antonio salierim da jakomo meierberma. magram parizis operisTvis dauweriaT iseT kompozitorebs, rogorebic arian doniceti, rosini da verdi. 1989 wels, bastiliis operis (Opéra Bastille) gaxsnis Semdeg, mTavarma musikalurma cxovrebam gadainacvla axal SenobaSi, Tumca, imdroidan ‘garnies operaSi’ (Opéra Garnier) idgmeba operebi da umetesad baletebi.

გარნიეს თეატრის ცენტრალური შესასვლელი

გარნიეს თეატრის უკანა ხედი

 parizis nacionaluri operis (Opéra National de Paris) kompanias 2004-5 wlebis sezonisTvis ganzraxuli aqvs 19 saopero speqtaklis dadgma, romlidanac xuTi (kerZod rosinis ‘italieli qali alJirSi’, hendelis ‘herkulesi’, monteverdis ‘popeas mefed kurTxeva’, mocartis ‘titusi’ da leo ianaCekis ‘katia kabanova’) Sesruldeba garnies sasaxleSi (Palais Garnier) da danarCeni ki bastiliis operaSi (Opéra Bastille). aseve dagegmilia simfoniuri koncertebi da baletebi. sezonis gaxsna wilad ergo garnies sasaxles rosinis operiT ‘italieli qali alJirSi (“L’Italiana in Algeri’’). miuxedavad seqtembrisaTvis saocrad cxeli amindebisa, premieris dRes, 11 seqtembers, speqtaklis dawyebis win Zlieri wvima wamovida. Tumca amas  msmenelTa nakadze ar umoqmedia. publika araerTgvarovani iyo – axalgazrda Taobis warmomadgenlebi sakmaod iyvnen warmodgenilni da Cacmulobis eTiketic ar iyo daculi – piriqiT, gamaoca aseTma ‘amerikulma’ Tavisuflebam parizSi. Senobis pompezuroba SigniTac igrZnoboda – farTod moxatul foieebs esadageboda sruli, ganieri darbazi. rogorc sCans, amindma mainc  Seitana garkveuli koreqtivi da dagvianebuli msmenelebis gamo speqtaklic odnav mogvianebiT daiwyo.

warmodgenis reJisura savsebiT moicavda modernistul tendenciebs. es komikuri siuJeti uxvad iyo datvirTuli Tanamedrove elementebiT: mustafas fotoportretebi Tanamedrove arabuli navTis magnatis WrilSi, gemis daRupva da tadeos gamoCena akvalangistis formaSi, rom araferi vTqvaT izabelas dizainze, romelic parizis bulvarebis moseirne, Tavmomwone qalbatons ufro esadageboda. parodia yvelaferSi igrZnoboda, rogorc siuJetSi, aseve Tavad gmirebSic. miuxedavad solo ariebisa da duetebisa, moqmedeba iyo datvirTuli moZravi ukana foniT – es an mustafas swrafi da farTemxriani amala (ocdaaTiani wlebis amerikuli gangsterebis tansacmelSi gamowyobili) iyo, an ultramodernistuli avejis fonze mocekvave qalbatonebi iyvnen mustafas garemidan,. metic, mustafas meuRle elvira, miRebuli ‘Tavisuflebis’ Semdeg gadametebulad gamopranWuli, gasuli saukunis 70-ni wlebis italiuri salonis mkvidris Sesabamisad gamoiyureboda. amgvari reJisoruli gadawyveta axlos iyo Cvens mier ukve naxsenebi hendelis ‘qserqsesTan’ (ixile amave gazeTis 3 agvistos (#182) publikacia), Tumca, garkveulad aWarbebda mas da vinc kargad  ar icoda partitura, SesaZloa  mxolod andrei serbanis reJisorul triukebs gaetacebina.

operis siuJeti aris martivi: Tavisi coliT (elvira) gulgatexili alJiris bei mustafa gadawyvets ganSordes mas. amisaTvis moifiqrebs, rom coli jildos saxiT gaatanos  monobaSi myof italiel lindoros, romelic beisaTvis qvidan gamokveTavs ucnobi qalbatonis figuras. lindoro beis aseTi saCuqriT erTgvarad dabneulia, radgan igi jer kidev inaxavs ganSorebuli satrfos siyvaruls.

morigi piratuli Tavdasxmis dros, alJireli mekobreebi xelT Caigdeben italiel qals izabelas da tadeos, romlebic Seficaven erTmaneTs daexmaron tyveobidan ganTavisuflebaSi. bei moixibleba izabelas silamaziT, romelic aRmoCndeba, rom Turme lindoros satrfoa. izabela isargeblebs viTarebiT da lindoros moiTxovs Tavis msaxurad, razedac bei Tanxmdeba.

 meore moqmedeba iwyeba sasaxlis msaxurTa gundiT – yvela SeSfoTebulia beis ltolviT ucnobi italieli qalis mimarT. igi ki srulad Sepyrobilia am grZnobiT. am gaurkveveli mdgomareobiT Sewuxebulia aseve beis coli elvira. lindoro erTxans gaRizianebulia izabelas keklucobiT beis mimarT, magram Semdgom sabolood rwmundeba Tavisi Seyvarebulis erTgulebaSi da isini moifiqreben erTad gaqcevas. mustafa uboZebs ‘kaimakanis’ tituls tadeos, riTac mis guls moigebs. bei patiJebs izabelas, Tumca izabela, romelic mustafam miiwvia yavaze, cxaddeba masTan elvirasTan erTad ukve mofiqrebuli garkveuli gegmiT - moadunos  mustafas yuradReba. amisaTvis igi acxadebs, rom upriania beis mieniWos italiaSi popularuli ‘papataCi’-s wodeba, anu kacisa, romelic Wams, svams, sZinavs da cotas laparakobs. am ideiT moxibluli bei, Seudgeba mis ganxorcielebas. izabela mimarTavs tusaRebis patriotuli grZnobebis gaRvivebas - ar daiviwyon samSoblo da moemzadon didi gaqcevisaTvis. tadeo, ganawyenebuli imiT, rom izabelam moaklo mas yuradReba da gadaitana lindoroze, cdilobs beis gaRviZebas, magram amaod da sabolood SeuerTdeba gaqceulebs. ‘papataCi’-s wodebisadmi erTguli bei verafers amCnevs. martod darCenili, igi urigdeba elviras.

’italieli qali alJirSi’ aris rosinis pirveli komikuri opera, romelmac mas didi aRiareba moutana (anjelo anelis libreto, daidga veneciaSi 1813 wlis 22 maiss). brwyinvale ariebiTa da duetebiT warmodgenil operaSi ukve gamoCnda rosinis xelwera – kvintetebi da finalebi, sadac mkacr riTmSi zis yoveli personaJi, amiT konkretuli gmiri zustad xasiaTdeba da komizmic matulobs, Tanac kompozitoris kalams ar aklia ironia TiToeuli  gmiris mimarT. rosini arnaxul Tavisuflebas aZlevs sasule instrumentebs – es valtornis Temaa lindoros pirvel ariaSi (Cavatina di Lindoro, No.2 ‘Languir per una bella’) da igi meordeba izabelas patriotuli ariis meore nawilSic (Rondo di Isabella ‘Pensa alla patria’). fleita ukve uvertiuridan iRebs garkveul dominantas da amiT iwvevs mTel orkestrs.

aRniSnulma speqtaklma saSualeba momca kidev erTxel davmtkbariyavi rosinis virtuozuli ariebiTa da komikuri scenebiT da aseve cocxlad momesmina saopero scenis varskvlavebi. pirvel rigSi, did interess iwvevda izabelas partiis Semsrulebeli kontralto vivika Jeno (Vivica Genaux). man garkveuli furori moaxdina Tavisi solo diskiT – sadac farinelis repertuari iyo warmodgenili (Harmonia Mundi HMC 901778). am Canawers diriJorobda baroko musikis ubadlo mcodne - rene iakobsi. diskma mTlianad kargi recenzia daimsaxura,  Jenos virtuozobam da teqnikam arnaxuli STabeWdileba datova msmenelze. magram mis xmas garkveuli ‘dauviwyari’ tembraluri elferi gaaCnia – mSrali da odnav xorxismieri. Semdeg hendelis operas ‘arminio’-s srul CanawerSi igi erT-erTi saukeTeso iyo (Virgin Veritas 5454612). magram rosinis repertuarSi me momRerali ar momismenia da erTgvarad veWvobdi kidec, ramdenad daZlevda igi partias. komikuri operis cnobili Semsruleblebi – alesandro korbeli (Alessandro Corbelli) da simone alaimo (Simone Alaimo) Sesabamisad gamocxadebuli iyvnen tadeosa da mustafas rolebSi. CemTvis sruliad ucnob amerikel tenors – brius slejs (Bruce Sledge lindoros partiaSi) hqonda debiuti parizis ‘grand operaSi’. aseve debiutanti iyo halis partiis Semsrulebeli – luCano di paskuale (Luciano Di Pasquale).  

uvertiuram Zalze uRimRamod Caiara – es cocxali da swrafi musikaluri nawili, romelic rosinis Sedevrebis ricxvs miekuTvneba, ratomRac mZimed da mdored warimarTa. bruno kampanelam, romelmac ase unaklod uxelmZRvanela ‘metropoliten-operis’ orkestrs belinis ‘mekobreSi’ (2 noemberi 2002 weli), imedi gamicrua. da Semdgom, operis msvlelobaSic ar gamokeTda orkestris Sesrulebis xarisxi, igi ratomRac im saRamos namdvilad gaunawyenda rosins, Tumca arc ise, rom orkestri mTlad Cavardniliyo.  

opera ixsneba introduqciiT, sadac mustafa beisTan erTad warsdgebian misi meuRle elvira (Janeta fiSeri/Jeanette Fischer) da mosamsaxure zulma (debiutanti elena Jidkova). Janeta fiSeri, rogorc vokalurad, aseve artistulad sruliad esadageboda Tavis rols. misi cocxali TamaSi komizms matebda da kargi kontrasti iyo vivika Jenos individualur SesrulebasTan. magram elena Jidkova SeboWili gamoiyureboda da rogorc yvela slavs, diqciis problema gaaCnda.

brius sleji, simsuqnisaken midrekili axalgazrda amerikeli tenori, arcTu ise cudad gamoiyureboda Tavis partiaSi. mxned da uSiSrad dasZlia man lindoros kavatina operis dasawyisSive pirvel aqtSi – didi seriozuli aria mravali maRali notiT. praqtikulad stabilurad gamoiyureboda igi mTeli operis ganmavlobaSi, magram meore aqtis kavatinis (Cavatina di Lindoro, No.9 ‘Oh come il cor di giubilo’) finaluri noti sakmaod xanmokled eWira. misi xma inglisuri tipis rosiniseul xmebs ganekuTvneba (brius fordisa da kris meritis msgavsad, oRond axalgazrduli da metad sufTa). magram sxva momRerlebTan gansxvavebiT, mas samxreTuli sicocxle aklda da  mouqnelad da erTob zantad gamoiyureboda, riTac eWvs badebda izabelas arCevanis sisworeSi.

vivika Jeno udavod centraluri figura iyo mTel operaSi – da es man daimsaxura ara mxolod Tavisi vokaluri monacemebiT, aramed didi momxibvlelobiTa da qalurobiT, rasac uxvad afrqvevda im dRes ‘grand operas’ scenaze. saSualo simaRlis, kargi aRnagobis vivika gamomwvev eleqtrikis feris kostiumSi giSris feri TmebiTa da cocxali TvalebiT, marTlac mimzidveli iyo.  uSualo da amavdroulad eSmakuri iyo igi tadeosTan duetSi (Duetto di Isabella e Taddeo, No.5 ‘Ai Capricci della sorte’) da Semdgom ukve kavatinaSi, sadac brwyinvale magaliTs uCvenebs elviras, Tu rogor unda gamoxatos qalma grZnobebi Tayvanismcemlis mimarT ise, rom ar warmoTqvas misi saxeli da amiT ar gaanawyenos arc erTi motrfiale (Cavatina di Isabella, No.11 ‘Per lui che adoro’), rogoricaa magaliTad lindoro, mustafa da tadeo. Tumca Jeno Tavbrudamxvevi siswrafiT umklavdeboda rosiniseul ruladebsa da fioriturebs, misi mimzidveloba tolfasi iyo misi vokaluri teqnikisa. magram samarTlionoba iTxovs aRvniSno, rom izabelas rolSi man im dRes msmenelebSi ar datova gansakuTrebuli vokaluri interpretaciis STabeWdileba. xmis tembri da siZliere srulad Seesabameboda imas, rac kompaqt-diskebis mosmeniT SegeqmnebodaT. 

ა.კორბელი, ბ.სლეჯი, ს.ალაიმო და ვ.ჟენო

 alesandro korbeli, rogorc aRiarebuli rosiniseuli komikosi, Tavisi dauSreteli tadeoTi isev brwyinavda. sasacilo da dabneuli Cans igi pirvel aqtSi, tyveobaSi Cavardnis momentSi, lastebSi da myvinTavis sxva amuniciaSi gamowyobili. da Semdegac - ‘kaimakanis’ wodebis miniWebisas (Aria di Taddeo No.10 ‘Ho un gar pesos sulla testa’) [ixileT foto]. aseve komikuria igi operis finalSi, rodesac mustafas ‘papataCiT’ abrueben da garbian. misi xmis tembri da moqniloba drom sruliad Seucvleli datova.

simone alaimo operis introduqciidanve garkveul mouqnelobis STabeWdilebas qmnida. vokalurad mas aklda siswrafe da rosinis musikisaTvis saWiro silaRe. amas garkveulad xels uwyobda misi gmiris xasiaTi. gaRizianebuli da axlis ZiebaSi myofi bei xSirad uxeSobs, riTac metad sulelurad gamoiyureba. alaimos mWidro xma da wkriala maRlebi kargad saxavdnen misi gmiris xasiaTs.  

ბ.სლეჟი, ვ.ჟენო, ა.ალაიმო და ა.კორბელი

debiutanti luCano di paskuale, rogorc vizualurad, aseve vokalurad miesadaga halis personaJs. sqeli da maRali, igi sworad warmosaxavda beis amalis nel, zant da mZime xelmZRvanels, man erTgvarad kidevac momagona policieli cnobili qarTuli naxati filmi-seriali ‘dardubala’-dan.

speqtaklma garkveul kulminacias miaRwia izabelas rondos dros – es patriotuli aRtkineba iqca italielebis mimarT mkafio ironiis gamovlenad. da frangulenovani darbazi ar malavda Tavis aRfrTovanebas (TiTqmis speqtaklis CaSlamde). ironiiTa da komizmiT srulad gaJRenTili opera cxadia, itans aseTi wuTebis gaSarJebasac, ase rom italiur nacionalur droSebSi gamowyobili tusaRebi mxolod sicils iwvevdnen.       

speqtakli Sedga, mxurvale taSis Semdeg mayurebeli uCveulod swrafad daiSala, mec davtove darbazi kargi ganwyobiT, rom daveswari rosinisaTvis Sesaferis dadgmas, sadac iumori da ironia sufevda sasiamovno xmebdan erTad.

daviT gigineiSvili

dabeWdilia gazeT '"24 saaTi"'2004 234 (783): 3.